Bleaching your hair can be a transformative experience, opening up a world of vibrant colors and personalized styles. However, the process itself can be harsh, especially if you’re considering bleaching hair that has already been through the bleaching process. The question, “Can I bleach already bleached hair?” is a common one, and the answer isn’t a simple yes or no. It requires careful consideration of your hair’s health, the products you use, and the techniques you employ. This comprehensive guide will delve into the intricacies of bleaching already bleached hair, providing you with the knowledge you need to make informed decisions and minimize potential damage.
Understanding the Bleaching Process and its Effects
Bleaching, at its core, is a chemical process that lifts the natural pigment from your hair. This is achieved through an oxidizing agent, usually hydrogen peroxide, combined with an alkaline booster, often ammonia. This mixture opens the hair cuticle, allowing the peroxide to penetrate and break down the melanin, which gives your hair its color. The more melanin that is broken down, the lighter your hair becomes.
The immediate effects of bleaching are often visible: a lighter hair color. However, the internal effects are more significant. The process weakens the hair’s structure, making it more porous and susceptible to breakage. This is because the cuticle, which acts as a protective shield, is disrupted and lifted, exposing the inner cortex.
Repeated bleaching amplifies these effects, making the hair increasingly fragile. Each time you bleach, you’re essentially compounding the damage, making it crucial to proceed with caution when dealing with already bleached hair.
The Impact on Hair Health
Bleaching strips the hair of its natural oils and proteins, leading to dryness, brittleness, and split ends. The more porous the hair becomes, the more moisture it loses, creating a vicious cycle of damage. Over-processed hair can also experience increased tangling, frizz, and a lack of shine.
Furthermore, severely damaged hair can lose its elasticity, making it prone to breakage. This can result in hair that snaps easily, even with gentle brushing or styling. In extreme cases, repeated bleaching can even lead to chemical cuts, where the hair literally breaks off at the scalp.
Assessing Your Hair’s Condition Before Re-Bleaching
Before even considering re-bleaching your hair, a thorough assessment of its current condition is paramount. This will help you determine whether your hair is strong enough to withstand another bleaching session or if you need to focus on repair and strengthening first.
A strand test is an absolute necessity. This involves applying the bleach mixture to a small, inconspicuous section of your hair to gauge how it reacts. It provides valuable information about the processing time required and the level of damage that can be expected.
Signs of Healthy Hair
Healthy hair typically has a smooth, shiny appearance. It feels strong and elastic, stretching slightly before breaking. When wet, healthy hair shouldn’t feel gummy or excessively tangled.
Signs of Damaged Hair
On the other hand, damaged hair exhibits several telltale signs. These include:
- Dryness and brittleness: Hair feels rough and easily breaks when touched.
- Split ends: The ends of the hair shaft are visibly split or frayed.
- Excessive tangling: Hair tangles easily, even with gentle handling.
- Loss of elasticity: Hair doesn’t stretch or bounces back when pulled gently.
- Gummy texture: Hair feels sticky or gummy when wet, indicating protein damage.
- Increased porosity: Hair absorbs water quickly but also loses it rapidly.
- Dullness: Hair lacks shine and appears lifeless.
If your hair exhibits several of these signs, it’s a clear indication that it needs repair before any further bleaching is attempted.
The Risks of Bleaching Already Bleached Hair
Bleaching already bleached hair is inherently riskier than bleaching virgin hair. The cumulative damage can lead to a variety of problems, some of which can be difficult to reverse.
Increased Breakage and Hair Loss
The most significant risk is increased breakage. Already weakened hair is more susceptible to snapping, leading to shorter lengths and a thinner appearance. In severe cases, repeated bleaching can even damage the hair follicles, potentially leading to hair loss.
Uneven Color Results
Previously bleached hair is often more porous in some areas than others. This can result in uneven color lift, leading to patchy or streaky results. Achieving a uniform color can be challenging, requiring meticulous application and careful monitoring.
Chemical Burns and Scalp Irritation
The chemicals in bleach can irritate the scalp, causing redness, itching, and even chemical burns. This risk is amplified when bleaching already bleached hair, as the scalp may already be sensitized from previous treatments.
Altered Hair Texture
Repeated bleaching can permanently alter the texture of your hair. It can become excessively dry, brittle, and prone to frizz, making it difficult to style and manage. In some cases, the hair may even lose its natural curl pattern.
Minimizing Damage When Re-Bleaching
If you’ve assessed your hair and decided that it can withstand another bleaching session, there are several steps you can take to minimize damage.
Choose the Right Products
Selecting high-quality bleaching products is crucial. Opt for bleaches that contain moisturizing ingredients and bond-building technology. Look for products specifically designed for delicate or previously treated hair.
Consider using a lower volume developer. Developer strength is measured in “volumes,” which indicate the percentage of hydrogen peroxide. A lower volume developer (10 or 20 volume) will lift the hair color more gently than a higher volume developer (30 or 40 volume), minimizing damage.
Bond-building additives, such as Olaplex or similar products, can help to repair and strengthen the hair during the bleaching process. These additives work by reconnecting broken disulfide bonds in the hair shaft, reducing breakage and improving overall hair health.
Proper Application Techniques
Apply the bleach only to the areas that need to be lightened, avoiding overlap with previously bleached hair. Overlapping can lead to over-processing and breakage. Use precise application techniques, such as foil highlights or balayage, to target specific areas and minimize overall damage.
Monitor the hair closely throughout the bleaching process. Check the hair’s elasticity and strength regularly. If the hair starts to feel gummy or excessively fragile, rinse the bleach immediately.
Deep Conditioning and Repair Treatments
After bleaching, it’s essential to replenish moisture and protein to the hair. Use a deep conditioning treatment specifically designed for damaged or chemically treated hair. Look for products containing ingredients like keratin, ceramides, and amino acids, which can help to repair and strengthen the hair shaft.
Leave-in conditioners and hair oils can also help to keep the hair hydrated and protected from further damage. Apply these products regularly to maintain moisture balance and prevent breakage.
Alternative Strategies for Lighter Hair
Before resorting to re-bleaching, consider alternative strategies for achieving a lighter hair color. These options may be less damaging than repeated bleaching, especially for already weakened hair.
Toner
A toner can be used to neutralize unwanted tones in bleached hair, such as yellow or brassy hues. It can also slightly lighten the hair, creating a brighter and more vibrant color. Toner is typically less damaging than bleach, as it doesn’t lift the hair’s natural pigment.
High-Lift Dyes
High-lift dyes are designed to lift and deposit color in a single step. They can be a good option for achieving a lighter hair color without the need for bleach. However, they are still chemical processes and can cause some damage, so it’s essential to use them with caution.
Highlighting with Low Volume Developer
Instead of bleaching the entire head, consider getting highlights using a low volume developer. This can add dimension and brightness to the hair without causing as much damage as an all-over bleach.
Post-Bleach Care: Maintaining Hair Health
After bleaching, proper hair care is essential for maintaining hair health and preventing further damage. This includes:
- Using sulfate-free shampoos and conditioners: Sulfates can strip the hair of its natural oils, leading to dryness and brittleness.
- Avoiding heat styling: Heat from styling tools like blow dryers, straighteners, and curling irons can further damage bleached hair. If you must use heat styling, use a heat protectant spray.
- Protecting hair from the sun: UV rays can damage hair, causing it to become dry, brittle, and faded. Wear a hat or use a hair sunscreen when spending time outdoors.
- Getting regular trims: Trimming split ends can prevent them from traveling up the hair shaft and causing further damage.
- Eating a healthy diet: A healthy diet rich in vitamins and minerals can help to promote hair growth and strength.
When to Seek Professional Help
If you’re unsure about whether your hair can withstand another bleaching session or if you’re experiencing significant damage, it’s best to seek professional help from a qualified hairstylist. A professional can assess your hair’s condition and recommend the best course of action. They can also perform the bleaching process safely and effectively, minimizing the risk of damage.
Attempting to bleach already bleached hair at home can be risky, especially if you’re not experienced with the process. A professional stylist has the knowledge and expertise to achieve the desired results without compromising the health of your hair. They can also provide personalized advice on how to care for your hair after bleaching.
In conclusion, bleaching already bleached hair is a delicate process that requires careful consideration and caution. Assessing your hair’s condition, choosing the right products, using proper application techniques, and providing adequate post-bleach care are all crucial for minimizing damage. If you’re unsure about whether to proceed, it’s always best to seek professional help from a qualified hairstylist.
FAQ 1: Is it generally safe to bleach hair that’s already been bleached?
Bleaching already bleached hair is generally considered risky due to the potential for significant damage. Hair that has undergone previous bleaching processes is already weakened and has lost some of its natural protein and moisture. Applying bleach again can further strip the hair, leading to breakage, dryness, and a rough, straw-like texture. This is because bleach works by opening the hair cuticle and oxidizing the melanin, the pigment that gives hair its color. Repeating this process weakens the hair shaft.
However, it isn’t automatically a “no.” The safety depends on factors like the condition of your hair, the strength of the bleach used previously, and the time between bleaching sessions. Fine, damaged, or frequently bleached hair is more vulnerable. If your hair feels brittle, stretchy, or has split ends, it’s best to avoid bleaching it again or consult a professional stylist for advice. They can assess your hair’s integrity and determine the safest course of action.
FAQ 2: What are the potential risks of bleaching previously bleached hair?
The primary risk of bleaching already bleached hair is severe damage to the hair structure. This can manifest in several ways, including increased porosity, meaning the hair struggles to retain moisture and becomes prone to dryness and frizz. Breakage is another significant concern, as the weakened hair shaft can snap easily, leading to shorter, uneven lengths. In extreme cases, the hair may become so damaged that it feels gummy or mushy when wet, making it nearly impossible to manage or style.
Beyond structural damage, bleaching previously bleached hair can also lead to chemical burns on the scalp, particularly if a strong developer is used or if the bleach is left on for too long. Scalp irritation, redness, and itching are common side effects. Furthermore, repeated bleaching can alter the hair’s natural elasticity, making it more difficult to style and prone to further breakage with heat styling or other chemical treatments. Uneven color results are also possible if the hair has different levels of porosity or if the bleach isn’t applied evenly.
FAQ 3: How can I minimize damage if I decide to bleach already bleached hair?
If you decide to bleach previously bleached hair, prioritize using the lowest volume developer possible. A lower volume developer means a slower and more controlled lifting process, which reduces the risk of excessive damage. Opt for a 10-volume or 20-volume developer, and avoid using anything stronger unless advised by a professional. Perform a strand test first to assess how your hair reacts to the bleach and to determine the appropriate processing time.
Additionally, incorporate bond-building treatments like Olaplex or Redken Shades EQ Bonder Inside into your bleaching process. These treatments help to repair and strengthen the hair bonds that are broken during bleaching. Deep condition your hair regularly in the weeks leading up to and following the bleaching session. Avoid heat styling and other chemical treatments for at least a few weeks before and after bleaching to give your hair a chance to recover. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully and monitor your hair closely throughout the process.
FAQ 4: What is a strand test, and why is it important before bleaching?
A strand test involves applying the bleach mixture to a small, inconspicuous section of your hair to preview the results and assess potential damage before applying it to your entire head. This test provides valuable insights into how your hair will react to the bleach in terms of color lifting, processing time, and overall condition. It helps you determine if the chosen bleach strength and developer volume are appropriate for your hair type and desired outcome.
The strand test is especially crucial when bleaching previously bleached hair because it allows you to identify any signs of excessive damage or unexpected color changes before committing to a full head application. To perform a strand test, select a small section of hair (ideally from underneath) and apply the bleach mixture according to the product instructions. Observe the hair closely throughout the processing time, noting any changes in color, texture, or elasticity. After rinsing and drying the strand, evaluate its condition carefully. If the hair feels excessively dry, brittle, or breaks easily, consider using a weaker bleach or postponing the treatment altogether.
FAQ 5: How long should I wait between bleaching sessions on my hair?
The recommended waiting time between bleaching sessions depends on several factors, including the overall health of your hair and the desired level of lightening. Generally, waiting at least 8-10 weeks between bleaching sessions is advisable to allow the hair to recover and rebuild its strength. This time frame allows your hair’s natural oils to replenish and for any damage to be repaired with conditioning treatments.
For those with particularly damaged or fragile hair, a longer waiting period of 12 weeks or more may be necessary. It’s crucial to assess your hair’s condition regularly and prioritize its health over achieving a specific color goal. If your hair feels dry, brittle, or shows signs of breakage, it’s best to postpone the bleaching session until it has recovered. Using deep conditioning masks, protein treatments, and avoiding heat styling can help improve hair health and minimize damage between bleaching sessions.
FAQ 6: What are some alternatives to bleaching if I want to lighten my previously bleached hair?
If you’re concerned about further damaging your previously bleached hair, several alternatives can help you achieve a lighter shade without the harshness of bleach. One option is to use a high-lift color, which contains a milder form of lightening agents compared to traditional bleach. These colors can lift the hair several shades while depositing color simultaneously, helping to minimize damage and add vibrancy.
Another alternative is to use a hair gloss or toner to subtly lighten and brighten your hair. Toners can neutralize unwanted brassy tones and create a cooler, brighter blonde shade. They are less damaging than bleach and can improve the overall tone and appearance of your hair. Furthermore, adopting techniques like balayage or highlights can lighten specific sections of your hair strategically, minimizing the overall exposure to lightening agents. Consulting with a professional stylist is recommended to determine the best option for your hair type and desired result.
FAQ 7: What aftercare routine is essential for bleached hair?
After bleaching, implementing a dedicated aftercare routine is essential for maintaining the health and appearance of your hair. Start by using a sulfate-free shampoo and conditioner specifically formulated for color-treated or bleached hair. These products are gentler and help to preserve the hair’s moisture and color. Incorporate a deep conditioning mask or hair oil into your routine at least once a week to replenish moisture and repair damage.
In addition to moisturizing treatments, protect your hair from heat damage by using a heat protectant spray before using any styling tools like hairdryers, straighteners, or curling irons. Avoid excessive heat styling whenever possible. Limit washing your hair to two or three times per week to prevent stripping away natural oils. Consider using a leave-in conditioner to provide continuous hydration and protection throughout the day. Regular trims can also help to remove split ends and keep your hair looking healthy and vibrant.