Ornamental corn, also known as decorative corn or Indian corn, is a vibrant and versatile crop prized for its striking appearance rather than its nutritional value. Unlike sweet corn or field corn, ornamental corn boasts a kaleidoscope of colors, making it a popular choice for autumn decorations and crafts. While technically edible, its kernels are often hard and less palatable than other corn varieties. Its primary purpose lies in adding visual appeal to homes, gardens, and celebrations during the fall season.
A Feast for the Eyes: Decorative Purposes
The most common use for ornamental corn is undoubtedly its decorative application. Its vibrant hues and rustic charm make it a quintessential element of autumn décor. From wreaths and garlands to centerpieces and cornucopias, ornamental corn brings a touch of harvest beauty to any setting.
Fall Harvest Decorations
Ornamental corn is a staple of fall harvest decorations. Its diverse colors – reds, oranges, yellows, purples, browns, and even blacks – evoke the warmth and abundance of the season. Bundles of corn stalks, tied together with twine or raffia, can adorn porches, entryways, and fences, creating a welcoming autumn atmosphere.
Individual ears of corn can be used as part of table centerpieces, often arranged with pumpkins, gourds, and other fall foliage. Smaller ears can be incorporated into wreaths, adding texture and visual interest. Larger, more elaborate displays may feature cornucopias overflowing with ornamental corn and other harvest bounty, symbolizing a season of plenty.
Halloween and Thanksgiving Displays
The use of ornamental corn extends beyond general fall decorations, finding its place in both Halloween and Thanksgiving displays. Its earthy tones and rustic appeal complement the spooky and festive themes of these holidays.
For Halloween, ornamental corn can be paired with pumpkins, scarecrows, and other spooky elements to create a harvest-themed display. Its natural colors provide a beautiful contrast to the bright orange of pumpkins and the dark tones of Halloween decorations.
At Thanksgiving, ornamental corn often takes center stage in cornucopias and other harvest displays, symbolizing gratitude for the abundance of the season. It serves as a reminder of the agricultural roots of the holiday and the importance of celebrating the harvest.
Craft Projects
Beyond large-scale decorations, ornamental corn is also a popular material for various craft projects. Its colorful kernels can be used to create mosaics, collages, and other artistic designs.
Children’s crafts often incorporate ornamental corn kernels. They can be glued onto paper or cardboard to create pictures, patterns, and other artwork. The diverse colors of the kernels allow for creative expression and exploration of different textures and designs.
Adult craft enthusiasts may use ornamental corn kernels to create more intricate mosaics or decorative items. The kernels can be arranged and glued onto various surfaces to create unique works of art.
Beyond Decoration: Other Uses
While its decorative function is paramount, ornamental corn also finds application in other, less common areas. These uses range from animal feed to educational purposes.
Animal Feed (with caution)
Although not the primary purpose, ornamental corn can be used as animal feed, particularly for poultry and livestock. However, it’s important to note that the nutritional value of ornamental corn is generally lower than that of field corn.
It is crucial to exercise caution when feeding ornamental corn to animals. The hard kernels can be difficult for some animals to digest, and the corn may contain mold or other contaminants if not properly stored. It’s best to consult with a veterinarian or animal nutritionist before incorporating ornamental corn into an animal’s diet. Ensure the corn is free of pesticides or other treatments harmful to animals.
Educational Purposes
Ornamental corn can be a valuable tool for educational purposes, particularly in teaching children about agriculture, botany, and the diversity of nature. Its vibrant colors and unique characteristics make it an engaging subject for learning.
Schools and educational programs often use ornamental corn in science lessons to teach students about plant growth, pollination, and genetics. The diverse colors of the kernels provide a visual representation of genetic variation.
Children can also learn about the history and cultural significance of corn, particularly its importance to Native American cultures. Ornamental corn can be used to illustrate the various uses of corn throughout history and its role in different societies.
Seed Saving and Breeding
For gardeners and plant enthusiasts, ornamental corn can be used for seed saving and breeding purposes. By selecting and saving seeds from the most colorful and desirable ears of corn, it’s possible to develop unique and beautiful varieties over time.
Seed saving allows gardeners to preserve heirloom varieties of ornamental corn and adapt them to their local growing conditions. This practice helps maintain genetic diversity and ensures the availability of unique corn varieties for future generations.
Breeding ornamental corn involves cross-pollinating different varieties to create new combinations of colors and patterns. This process requires careful selection and planning but can result in stunning and one-of-a-kind ornamental corn.
Cultivating Ornamental Corn: A Guide for Gardeners
Growing ornamental corn can be a rewarding experience, allowing gardeners to produce their own supply of colorful corn for decorations and other purposes. While the cultivation process is similar to that of other corn varieties, there are a few key considerations to keep in mind.
Choosing the Right Variety
There are many different varieties of ornamental corn available, each with its own unique characteristics. When choosing a variety, consider the desired colors, size, and growing conditions.
Some popular varieties include ‘Indian Corn,’ ‘Strawberry Corn,’ and ‘Glass Gem Corn.’ ‘Indian Corn’ is a classic variety with a mix of traditional corn colors. ‘Strawberry Corn’ produces small, red ears that resemble strawberries. ‘Glass Gem Corn’ is known for its translucent kernels in a rainbow of colors.
Planting and Growing
Ornamental corn should be planted after the last frost, when the soil has warmed up. Choose a sunny location with well-drained soil.
Sow the seeds directly into the ground, spacing them about 6-8 inches apart in rows that are 30-36 inches apart. Corn is wind-pollinated, so planting in blocks rather than long rows will improve pollination rates. Water regularly, especially during dry periods.
Harvesting and Curing
Ornamental corn is typically harvested in the fall, when the husks have dried and turned brown. The ears should be allowed to dry completely before being used for decorations or other purposes.
To cure the corn, hang the ears in a well-ventilated area for several weeks. This will help to prevent mold and ensure that the kernels dry properly. Once the corn is fully cured, it can be stored for several months in a cool, dry place. Proper curing is essential for preserving the color and quality of ornamental corn.
Preserving the Beauty: Storage and Longevity
Proper storage is essential for maintaining the vibrant colors and extending the lifespan of ornamental corn. With the right techniques, you can enjoy your decorative corn for months or even years.
Drying and Curing Techniques
As mentioned earlier, drying and curing are crucial steps in preserving ornamental corn. These processes prevent mold growth and ensure that the kernels harden properly.
After harvesting, remove the outer layers of the husk, leaving a few layers intact to protect the kernels. Tie the ears together in bundles and hang them upside down in a well-ventilated, dry location. A garage, shed, or attic works well.
Allow the corn to dry for several weeks, or until the kernels are hard and the husks are completely dry. Check regularly for any signs of mold or rot.
Long-Term Storage Solutions
Once the corn is fully dried and cured, it can be stored for long-term use. Choose a cool, dry, and dark location for storage.
Avoid storing ornamental corn in damp or humid environments, as this can lead to mold growth. Consider storing the corn in airtight containers or bags to protect it from pests and dust.
Check the corn periodically for any signs of deterioration. With proper storage, ornamental corn can last for several years.
The Enduring Appeal of Ornamental Corn
Ornamental corn is more than just a decoration; it’s a symbol of the harvest season and a celebration of nature’s beauty. Its vibrant colors, rustic charm, and versatility make it a timeless element of fall décor. Whether used in grand harvest displays or small craft projects, ornamental corn brings a touch of warmth and nostalgia to any setting. From its practical applications in animal feed and education to its artistic potential in crafts and seed saving, ornamental corn offers a diverse range of uses that extend far beyond its decorative appeal. Its enduring appeal lies in its ability to connect us to the natural world and remind us of the abundance and beauty of the harvest season.
What is ornamental corn?
Ornamental corn, also known as Indian corn, is a variety of maize grown for its decorative kernels and husks. Unlike sweet corn which is harvested in its immature stage for consumption, ornamental corn is left to mature and dry on the stalk. Its kernels come in a dazzling array of colors, including reds, oranges, yellows, purples, browns, and even blues, making it visually striking and perfect for fall decorations.
These corn varieties are typically flint corn or dent corn, known for their hard, starchy kernels. Flint corn, in particular, is exceptionally durable, allowing it to retain its vibrant colors and shapes for extended periods, making it ideal for crafting and display. The husks also contribute to its ornamental value, often displaying attractive patterns and colors that complement the kernels.
Is ornamental corn edible?
While ornamental corn is technically edible, it’s not typically consumed in the same way as sweet corn. The kernels are significantly harder and starchier than those of sweet corn, making them less palatable to eat directly off the cob or cooked in the same manner. It lacks the sweetness and tenderness associated with sweet corn, making it a less desirable food source.
However, ornamental corn can be ground into cornmeal or flour. This cornmeal can then be used for various culinary purposes, such as making cornbread, tortillas, or polenta. Keep in mind that the flavor and texture will differ from those made with sweet corn or other specialized corn varieties bred specifically for food production.
How is ornamental corn used in decorations?
Ornamental corn is predominantly used for autumn and harvest-themed decorations. Its colorful kernels and rustic appearance make it a popular choice for adding a touch of fall charm to homes, gardens, and events. Bundles of ornamental corn stalks can be displayed as standalone decorations, tied together with ribbons, or incorporated into larger displays.
Individual ears of ornamental corn are often used in wreaths, cornucopias, and table centerpieces. They can be arranged with other fall elements like pumpkins, gourds, and colorful leaves to create visually appealing displays. The dried husks can also be used in crafting projects, such as creating decorative flowers or adding texture to wreaths and other arrangements.
How long does ornamental corn last after harvesting?
With proper drying and storage, ornamental corn can last for several months to a year. The key to its longevity is ensuring that the kernels and husks are completely dried to prevent mold and decay. After harvesting, it’s best to allow the corn to air dry in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight.
Once dried, store the corn in a cool, dry place, such as a pantry or storage shed. Avoid storing it in humid environments, as moisture can lead to mold growth. Check the corn periodically for any signs of spoilage and discard any ears that show signs of mold or insect infestation. Properly stored ornamental corn can be enjoyed for multiple seasons.
Can you plant ornamental corn seeds?
Yes, you can plant ornamental corn seeds. If you save the seeds from your ornamental corn cobs, you can plant them the following spring to grow your own colorful corn. Keep in mind that corn is wind-pollinated, so if you live near other types of corn, there is a chance of cross-pollination, which may affect the colors and patterns of the kernels in the subsequent harvest.
To successfully grow ornamental corn, plant the seeds in well-drained soil in a location that receives full sunlight. Corn is a heavy feeder, so it’s important to amend the soil with compost or fertilizer. Water the plants regularly, especially during dry periods. With proper care, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of colorful ornamental corn in the fall.
What are some creative craft ideas using ornamental corn?
Ornamental corn offers a versatile medium for a variety of creative craft projects. The colorful kernels can be removed from the cob and used to create mosaics, patterns, and even jewelry. Children can enjoy gluing the kernels onto paper or cardboard to create colorful pictures and designs. The dried husks can be woven or braided into wreaths, mats, or decorative containers.
Another idea is to create corn husk dolls, a traditional craft that involves shaping the husks into simple figures. You can also use ornamental corn as a natural element in scrapbooking or card making. The textures and colors of the kernels and husks add a unique and rustic touch to any craft project. The possibilities are endless, limited only by your imagination.
Does ornamental corn attract wildlife?
Yes, ornamental corn can attract wildlife, particularly squirrels, birds, and rodents. These animals are attracted to the kernels as a food source, especially during the fall and winter months when other food sources become scarce. This can be both a positive and a negative aspect of using ornamental corn for decoration.
While some people enjoy attracting wildlife to their gardens, others may find it undesirable, especially if the animals damage other plants or structures. If you want to minimize wildlife attraction, consider placing the corn decorations in locations that are less accessible to animals, or use deterrents like netting or motion-activated sprinklers. Be aware that some animals may still be persistent in their efforts to reach the corn.